High Slope Remote monitoring measurement and information Management system
1.Overview
1.1 Project Overview
1.2 Monitoring tasks
1. Establish a relatively complete monitoring profile for the specific characteristics and influencing factors of the landslide body and the affected area, so that it becomes a systematic and three-dimensional deformation monitoring system；
2. Timely and rapid evaluation of the surface displacement of the landslide area and the affected area, and forecasting and forecasting, to minimize the potential geological hazard；
3. Establish a long-term monitoring system to analyze and study the deformation of the site landslide body, accumulate experience for similar projects, and enrich the theory.
1.3 Project requirements
1.The system has stable and reliable data acquisition and data transmission functions;
2.The system is based on the principle of image measurement to achieve high-precision two-dimensional monitoring with a monitoring accuracy of less than 3mm.
1.4 Project Significance
Monitoring and early warning of geological disasters, especially the monitoring and early warning of landslides, is particularly important for effectively reducing direct economic losses and casualties. Geological disasters such as collapse and landslides can cause serious damage because it is difficult to accurately predict the location, time and intensity of occurrence. The prevention of landslide disasters focuses on monitoring. In order to prevent problems, landslides must be monitored to achieve early prediction of landslide hazards.
The occurrence of geological collapse, landslide and other disasters, the displacement of the surface displacement of the disaster is the most intuitive response indicator of the disaster evolution process. Therefore, for the mastery of the surface displacement of the disaster body, the stability of the disaster body can be found in time, which is beneficial to the enterprise or the government. The department conducts scientific emergency decision-making and takes emergency measures in a timely manner to avoid disasters or reduce the harm caused by disasters.
Raindao Science and Technology CO.,Limited combining image recognition, measurement mapping, photographic imaging, data fusion, heterogeneous synchronization, embedded system and computer technology, the company has independently developed a remote online monitoring system for slopes. The system has functions such as continuous automatic monitoring and multiple hierarchical warnings. Construction and operation monitoring of slopes.
Compared with traditional monitoring methods based on GPS, static level, laser, optical fiber and total station, the system has the advantages of high precision, low cost, convenient construction and high real-time performance, providing a line for automatic monitoring and digital maintenance and effective way.
2. Technical basis and design principles
2.1 Technical basis
The implementation of the project implementation process is strictly in accordance with the technical basis, and the technical basis adopted is as follows：
《Highway maintenance technical specifications》（JTGH10-2009）
《Engineering measurement specification》（GB50026-2007）
《Building deformation measurement procedure》（JGJ8－2007）
《Specification for collapse, landslide, and debris flow monitoring》（DZ/T0221-2006）
《Geotechnical engineering monitoring specification》(YS 5229-1996)
Other relevant regulations and procedures promulgated by the Ministry of Transport
2.2 System Design Principles
1. Scientific and advanced
2. Practicality of the early warning system
3. System scalability
3. Overall technical ideas
3.1 Monitoring content
Slope surface displacement,through the monitoring of surface displacement, comprehensively understand the change of the
overall surface position of the slope and its rate of change (including plane displacement and vertical settlement), and determine the overall displacement and deformation of the slope.
3.2 Monitoring parameters
According to the monitoring requirements, the main monitoring parameters are as follows:
Table 3-1 Monitoring project list
NO. | Measurement project | Methods and tools | Measuring point | Test accuracy | Monitoring frequency |
1 | Lateral displacement of the slope surface | Structural deformation image monitoring sensor | 15 | 3mm | Continuous, 30 seconds once |
2 | Vertical settlement on the slope surface | Structural deformation image monitoring sensor | 15 | 3mm | Continuous, 30 seconds once |
3 | Image monitoring | Night vision dome image monitoring system | 1 | 3 times a day, the warning starts |
3.3 Measuring point layout and numbering
It is proposed to set 15 surface displacement measuring points, and monitor the settlement parameters and lateral displacement parameters at the measuring points, 15 points, 1 reference point, and 1 panoramic image parameter. The specific measurement point layout is shown in Figure 3-1.
Figure 3-1 Slope measuring point layout
3.4 Monitoring period
3.5 Monitoring frequency
The program adopts automatic real-time monitoring, in which the automatic monitoring frequency collects data every 4 hours according to the real-time monitoring system. If the slope deformation trend is obvious or the deformation is abnormal, the encryption monitoring is performed.
4. Monitoring system
4.1 System components
1. Monitoring mainly consists of four parts：
1) Data sensing part：Various types of sensors for each monitoring parameter；
2) Data collection：Collector and acquisition module and data fusion processing unit；
3) Data transmission: 4G industrial DTU wireless transmission；
4) Control analysis: server software and configuration software and client display software.
5) The system component block diagram is shown in Figure 4-1
Figure 4-1 System composition block diagram
4.2 System functions
1. The system can automatically monitor the overall condition of the slope under various environmental conditions and operating conditions；
2. It is able to collect, store and query data for each monitoring project, monitor the safety status of the slope in real time and perform rolling processing on the monitoring data；
3. Establish an early warning subsystem to monitor and identify the deformation of the slope in real time, and timely discover the potential structural hazards of the monitoring point and even the entire slope；
4. It can set thresholds for key parameters of structural conditions, classify alarms, set daily channel alarm system, and be used for daily operation management of slopes.；
5. Fast, large-capacity information collection, communication and processing capabilities to achieve data network sharing；
An intuitive and friendly human-computer interface that supports the Internet for remote transmission of data or pictures.
4.3 System indicators
1. Display refresh cycle ≤1min
2. Information transmission error rate ≤1×10 -6
3. System time between failures ≥ 2400h
4. System failure repair time ≤ 3h
5. The system works continuously for 24 hours
6. Clock difference between system host, workstation and external station <0.1s
5. Monitoring methods and monitoring sensors
5.1 Slope surface displacement
5.1.1 Sensor selection
The sensor uses a self-developed structural deformation image monitoring sensor. The measurement system includes an 850 nm infrared target and an image deformation monitoring sensor. The infrared target is installed at the position to be measured, and is rigidly connected with the measured point. The sensor is installed in a relatively static and stable position. At the same time, to ensure the accuracy of the measurement, a reference point is added to bring the sensor itself into the change. The measurement error is eliminated.
The structural deformation image monitoring sensor is based on a completely independent intellectual property image measurement algorithm. It adopts an embedded system platform, a low illumination CMOS image sensor, and a specific wavelength optical target. A new type of long-distance non-contact displacement sensor developed at present is currently leading in China. Level, can realize the two-dimensional displacement change monitoring of the target, with high measurement accuracy, multi-target, large measuring range, small volume, high integration, easy installation and construction, etc. It is suitable for long-term and on-line monitoring of slope surface displacement.
Figure 5-1 Structural deformation image monitoring sensor
5.1.2 Principle of measurement
The infrared target is imaged on the photosensitive surface of the camera through the telephoto optical system of the image monitoring sensor. The image processing recognition and high-precision positioning technology based on the embedded processing platform determine the precise position of the image point, and finally the target is determined by the object image relationship. The spatial location of the target. By comparing and analyzing the spatial position of the target at different times, the deformation of the target is determined, and the deformation parameters of the measured structure are obtained.
Figure 5-2 Schematic diagram of measurement
When the structure is deformed under the influence of load, temperature and wind, the target also generates the same displacement with the structure, as shown in Figure 5-3. Let t0 time, the center position of the cursor target is P0, and its coordinate is (X0, Y0); At time t, the center position of the cursor target is P(t) and its coordinates are (Xt, Yt)；At the same time, the image points move from P0 to Pt accordingly. The intersection of the camera optical axis and the cursor motion and the planar image pixel coordinate system are O and O' points, respectively. Based on P0, Pt is displaced in the X direction relative to P0 by Dx = Xt- X0, and the displacement in the Y direction is Dy = Yt - Y0. Assuming that the image sensor pixel size of the camera is Px×Py, the relationship between the object point and the image point is as follows:
Figure 5-3 Optical imaging schematic
Then the horizontal and vertical displacements of the point to be measured are：
Obviously, the reference point coordinates (M0, N0) and the current point coordinates (Mt, Nt) are known, and the two-dimensional displacement of the structure at different times can be calculated according to the above formula.
5.1.3 Technical Specifications
1. Measuring distance： 10~200m
2. Measurement resolution： Measuring range /12800
3. Measurement accuracy： 2mm（100m distance）
4. Measurement frequency： ＞30Hz
5. Measurement dimension： 2D perpendicular to the measuring axis
6. Number of simultaneous observation points：Any number of points (within the field of view)
7. Protection level： IP65
8. Working temperature： -30℃～+50℃
9. Storage temperature： -50℃～+70℃
5.2 Video Surveillance System
5.2.1 Sensor selection
The 6-inch network 200W surveillance camera DH-SD6C82E-GN infrared zoom 1080p smart ball machine can be applied to places with low light and low light that require large-scale high-speed monitoring, and has high requirements for image quality. As shown in Figure 5-4. The capture system includes: shooting control, video capture, image data acquisition, image JPEG compression, wireless data transmission and other functions. The camera is mounted in a position where it can be fully captured to the full extent of the slope.
Figure 5-4 Dedicated network camera
5.2.2 Technical Specifications
1. Maximum support for 1920×1080@30fps or 1280×720@60fps real-time video output;
2. Support various network protocols such as GB/T 28181, ONVIF, CGI, PISA, etc;
3. Built-in 150m infrared light fill light;
4. Vertical angle -15 ° ~ 90 large rotation range, support automatic flip;
5. All-aluminum heat dissipation design, can adapt to the use environment of -40 to 70 °C;
6. IP66 protection level;
7. A combination of multiple network monitoring methods (mobile phone, WEB, client), more convenient to use;
8. Flexible network expansion capability to adapt to various network platform monitoring systems;
9. SD card local storage, solve the monitoring and storage problem of network abnormal state, support NAS storage video, video can be 10. disconnected from the network;
11. Use high-performance infrared light to ensure stable use for a long time.
5.3 Early warning system
When a certain measurement data of the measured structure exceeds the threshold, the warning is triggered to inform the system. On the one hand, the image monitoring system immediately starts work, solidifies the scene status by image or video, and uploads the server. After the system receives the warning information, the client software pops up the warning information and sends an early warning to the preset receiver through the SMS server.The threshold value of each specific parameter needs to be set according to the actual situation.
5.4 Field Master Controller
The main controller is the central control unit of the entire system, with built-in GPRS communication module and GPS timing module. Through the hardware trigger signal, the data acquisition of the whole system is synchronously controlled, and all the collected parameters are marked with absolute time, which is convenient for the fusion processing analysis of the later data. At the same time, the on-site main controller can upgrade and debug the system software remotely.
Figure 5-5 Monitoring system main controller
6. Information Management Platform
6.1 Software Architecture
Figure 6-1 Software system hardware architecture
The software platform in the monitoring system mainly includes four parts: database, data storage service, background service program, client software and WEB-based online monitoring software. The system is based on the MySQL database and adopts a three-tier network architecture. The advantage lies in the centralized management, maintenance and upgrade of data. The system software adopts B/S rack, which takes into account the query speed, data backup and expansion.
6.2 Client Software Features
1. Enter the URL on your computer or mobile phone. Enter the login page, as shown in Figure 6-2. After entering the user name and password, enter the monitoring interface, as shown in Figure 6-3.
Figure 6-2 System login page
Figure 6-3 Software interface
2. Select the monitoring item: Click XXX to display the setting and configuration of related parameters, as shown in Figure 6-4.
3. The monitoring object option is divided into three options, including the monitoring section layout of the project, the layout of the measuring points, the project design plan and the construction picture.
(1) Click on the measuring point layout to view the layout of all monitoring parameters and the monitoring points on the monitoring section. If you want to know the parameter changes of a certain measuring point, click the sensor icon at the measuring point to enter the test. Point real-time data display interface.
(2) The project plan is about the design of the project, which can be downloaded as part of the monitoring report compilation.
(3) The construction picture shows some physical photos of the project construction process.
(4) Click on the monitoring data to enter the interface as shown in Figure 6-5. Display all the monitoring parameter icons of the project on the interface, click the corresponding icon to view the real-time monitoring data of the parameter, display it in the form of a curve, and at the same time, select the time period to query the parameter changes of a specific historical stage, and the original data can be Download it. Below the curve, you can see the statistics of the maximum, minimum and final values of the parameters and the amount of change for the most recent period of time.
(5) Data analysis has two function options: data comparison and data association. Click on the data comparison to enter the interface as shown in Figure 6-6. You can compare the changes for a certain period of time and analyze the two time parameters. Change laws and trends. Data association is a joint display of different kinds of parameters, analyzing the intrinsic relationship between the two.
Figure 6-4 Measuring point layout display interface
Figure 6-5 Monitoring data interface
Figure 6-6 Data comparison interface
The image monitoring interface is shown in Figure 6-7. Different image monitoring sensors are displayed. Click on the corresponding image sensor to get the live image in real time.
Figure 6-7 Image Monitoring Interface
(6) As shown in Figure 6-8, the warning record interface displays all the warning information of the project. Clicking on the display details can be used to know the details of an early warning information, such as early warning parameters, time, data and picture information, as shown in Figure 6-9. Shown.
Figure 6-8 Alert Record Page
Figure 6-9 Display of warning information
(7) The report management interface is shown in Figure 6-10. Displayed in the form of daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly and annual reports, and can be downloaded.
Figure 6-10 Report Management Interface
(8) Click Exit to exit the system directly.
7. Data acquisition and transmission system
7.1 Structural features
The monitoring system uses a variety of different sensors. Since different sensors require different communication interfaces and communication protocols, TCP/IP technology is used for network topology networking, which has the following features in terms of structure:
(1) The signal output by the sensor is first modulated, and then connected to the hub “Hub” containing the lightning protection device according to the same rules, and finally sent to the main controller；
(2) For the analog signal output by the sensor, first pass the analog-to-digital conversion, then enter the data collector, and the computer software completes the data acquisition and enters the hub “Hub”；
(3) The trunk line of the networking adopts the network cable to connect the hub "Hub" with the main controller.；
(4) The data collected by the master will be transmitted to the database server via the Internet.
7.2 Technical functions
(1) Continuous acquisition and transmission can be realized, taking into account special acquisition and manual intervention；
(2) All data is consistent in synchronization with the same time scale；
(3) With caching function, when the network signal is not good, the data can be stored smoothly to avoid data loss.；
(4) Data can be transmitted and shared remotely, sampling parameters can be set remotely to adjust, allowing authorized users to obtain real-time data；
(5) With real-time self-diagnosis function, the fault information can be uploaded to the data management and control server to remind the operator；
(6) Network design has extended functions.
7.3 Equipment composition
The data acquisition and transmission system includes hardware such as power modules, data acquisition boxes, Hub hubs, core processing boards, and 4G routers. The power module can ensure stable, accurate and low noise supply; the data acquisition box analyzes and calculates the output of the sensor, and then outputs the actual data. Finally, the data is sent to the core processing board of the main controller via the network cable via the Hub. The processing board integrates and synchronizes different types of data, and then sends them to the data server via the 4G router.
Figure 7-1 Data acquisition block diagram
7.4 Data Acquisition Software
1. With applicable data acquisition interface and parameter configuration, set function buttons. The acquisition interface can display the data collected by each sensor and display it through oscilloscope or indication. Parameter setting and configuration are completed by monitoring software.
2. The calibration system can be calibrated for all sensors before the system is in normal operation. The system uses a web server and a database server. The acquisition system uses a C/S structure and has the functions of field data collection, caching, and data processing.